DSLR vs mirrorless

DSLR cameras use a mirror mechanism to reflect light into an optical viewfinder. They offer a vast range of lenses and robust ergonomics. However, they are bulkier and rely on an older design. Mirrorless cameras replace the mirror with an electronic viewfinder, allowing for smaller bodies, faster continuous shooting and advanced autofocus systems. Modern mirrorless models from Canon, Sony, Nikon and Panasonic now dominate the market.

Cinema cameras

Designed for filmmaking, cinema cameras like those from ARRI, RED and Blackmagic feature large sensors, high dynamic range and the ability to record in formats like ProRes and RAW. They offer extensive manual controls, interchangeable mounts and modular accessories, making them suitable for high‑end productions.

Camcorders and action cameras

Camcorders remain popular for events and documentaries. They pair a built‑in zoom lens with long recording times and comfortable handling. Action cameras such as GoPro and DJI Osmo are small, rugged devices used for sports and travel. They often feature wide‑angle lenses, waterproof bodies and stabilisation to capture immersive first‑person footage.

Smartphone and emerging tech

Recent smartphones boast multi‑lens arrays and computational photography, enabling casual users to capture high‑quality video. Emerging technologies include 8K recording, stacked sensors for improved dynamic range and global shutters to reduce rolling‑shutter artefacts. As sensors get larger and processors more powerful, the gap between dedicated and mobile cameras continues to close. Present‑day video production relies on powerful digital cameras combined with non‑linear editing software and AI‑driven workflows.

Understanding the strengths of each camera type helps you choose the right tool for your project. Whether you’re filming a narrative short, a live event or an adventure vlog, there’s a camera suited to your vision.